Bald-faced hornet bites in Tennessee

Tennessee has 393 verified bald-faced hornet records in the GBIF biodiversity database — ranking it 24th nationally. Sightings concentrate in July to October. The bite itself appears immediate severe pain and lasts swelling for several days.

Bald-faced hornet in Tennessee — humid subtropical climate
Verified records393
Peak sightingsJuly to October
State bite seasonMarch to November
Activedaytime
Habitatenclosed grey paper nests the size of a football, hanging in trees, on sheds and under eaves
Bite appearsimmediate severe pain

Identifying it in Tennessee

Technically a large yellowjacket, black with an ivory-white face, and the most defensive of the group. Multiple stings during a single encounter are typical because the colony responds together and follows for a distance.

Locally, the species most often confused with it are honey bee sting, lone star tick bite, carpenter ant bite — all of which are also recorded in Tennessee.

Seek medical care if

Call emergency services now for difficulty breathing, swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, dizziness or fainting, or hives spreading away from the bite.

  • breathing difficulty, throat tightness, faintness, hives away from the site
  • multiple stings
  • stings to the face or mouth

What else it could be in Tennessee

These are recorded in Tennessee too and are the ones most often confused with it here. The differences below are the ones that actually separate them.

Bald-faced hornet stingPaper wasp stingYellowjacket sting
Patternoften several — the colony defends aggressively usually singlesingle or several — this wasp can sting repeatedly
Where on bodyhead, neck, arms hands, head, arms — often while gardening or opening a shutterhands, face, neck
Appearsimmediate severe pain immediate sharp painimmediate sharp pain
Records here393 1115

Season in Tennessee specifically

Records in Tennessee concentrate in July to October, which is what local sighting data shows rather than a national average — seasonality shifts substantially with latitude. The general bite season in Tennessee runs March to November.

Because enclosed grey paper nests the size of a football, hanging in trees, on sheds and under eaves, exposure in Tennessee tends to be concentrated in specific places rather than spread evenly — which is why a bite history ("where were you in the 24 hours before?") narrows the answer faster than the appearance of the mark.

Care

  1. leave the area quickly — this species pursues
  2. cold pack, antihistamine, pain relief
  3. adrenaline auto-injector if prescribed

Avoiding them in Tennessee

Questions

When are bald-faced hornets active in Tennessee?

Tennessee records peak in July to October. The general bite season in Tennessee runs March to November.

Are they common in Tennessee?

Tennessee accounts for 393 verified records in GBIF, ranking it 24th among states for this species. Records reflect reporting effort as well as abundance.

What does the bite look like?

a large, hot, red swelling with a central point, red. Often several — the colony defends aggressively.

Get a photo assessment in the app

Everything above is free to read. The app adds what a page cannot: point your camera at the bite and get an assessment of the most likely cause, a severity read, and a day-by-day care plan — including the specific signs that mean you should be seen.

Download for iPhone — free

iPhone and iPad. Free to download.